PERU... Home to one of the earliest and most advanced civilizations in the Western Hemisphere... Under the rule of powerful kings, an incredible people known as the Incas amassed an empire that built systems of winding mountain roads, remarkable cities, and an unforgettable legacy. One is still mystified today by their amazing accomplishments, as can be seen at the hidden and fascinating Machu Picchu... Take a trip back in time and explore the roots of an ancient civilization that left behind some of the most interesting and awe-inspiring constructions in the world.
Peru, the largest in area in the Andean countries, was the cradle of the most advanced indigenous civilizations and most powerful empire in pre-Columbian South America-that of the Incas. Peru was also the focus of Spanish colonial domination for its first two hundred years of rule. What remained of pre-Columbian America with regard to people, culture, and settlements is perhaps better represented in Peru than in any other country. The country has a 2,400 kilometer (1,500 miles) long coast on the Pacific Ocean and borders Colombia and Ecuador in the north, Brazil and Bolivia on the east, and Chile on the south. It is the only country that borders all the other Andean states.
Three main natural regions are distinguishable: the coastal zone (Costa); the highlands (Andes or Sierra); and the eastern hills and lowlands (Selva).
